Oil burner



y 15, 1940- D. E. WILSON ,208,150

' OIL BURNER Filed June 7, 1939 INVENTO'R. java/0 4E. M7501? A TTORNEY Patented July 16, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Claims.

This invention relates to oil burners and one of the objects of the invention is to provide an oil burner having a heated chamber in whichthe oil is vaporized and the chamber being so shaped 5 that upon vaporization of the oil the vaporized gas is carried downwardly and through outlets into an air stream by which oxygen is added to the gas to provide a combustible gaseous mixture which will burn cleanly and maintain the vaporizing chamber in a heated condition to vaporize the oil.

Another object of the invention is to provide a vaporizing pan incorporated as an integral part or the vaporizing chamber and the burner having a removable top to allow access to the vaporizing pan for the removal of carbon accumulations after long continued operation.

A further object of the invention is to provide a burner head having a series of gas discharge jets combined with an air deflector plate whereby the air is forced to travel past the jets to with draw the gases from the vaporizing chamber.

Another object of the invention is to combine a heater pan in spaced relation with the air plate and to mount the burner head in relation to the air plate so that air passing through the burner is caused to flow past the jets to add oxygen to the vaporized gases and to withdraw the gaseous vapors from the burner head as they are produced by oil flowing into the burner head.

A further object of the invention is to provide an oil burner in which the oil is generated to a vapor without the presence of air and in which the oil is generated above the outlets so that only gaseous vapors may pass downwardly to the outlets.

These objects and the several novel features of the invention are hereinafter more fully described and claimed and the preferred form of construction by which these objects are attained is shown in the accompanying drawing in which-- Fig. 1 is a plan view of an oil burner embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a section taken on line 2-2 of Fig. l.

The burner comprises a burner head I having an oil supply pipe 2 threaded into one side thereof as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The head I is pro- Vided with a cap 3 seating on an asbestos gasket 4 and is also provided with an opening in the bottom provided with a raised annular flange 5 about the opening. Below this opening, the burner head is provided with a neck 6 terminating in an enlarged portion 1 at the bottom provided with a series of discharge or outlet apertures 8. A bolt 9 extends through the bottom I0 and through the cap 3 and is provided with a nut II thereon which may be turned up against the asbestos gasket I2 to firmly seat the cap 3 in the burner head and prevent gas leakage. A plate I3 is positioned about the lower end of the burner head directly beneath the outlet apertures 8 and l is provided with a large central aperture I4 which provides a space between the lower end 1 of the burner and the edge of the aperture I4 through which air may flow. Suspended below the plate 63 is a generator pan I5 which is connected to the plate I3 by means of narrow portions l6 which provide openings I'I between the generator pan and the plate through which air may flow. This generator pan I5 is provided with a drain outlet I8 having a valve I9 therein.

In furnace installations, theplate I3 is positioned in the furnace and means may be provided between the outer edge of the plate I3 and the furnace wall to seal off the furnace and force all of the air passing through the furnace to pass through the opening I4 in the plate I3 and about the burner portion I. In this type of installation, the burner head is mounted so that the apertures 8 are just above the plate I3 as shown in Fig. 2.

To start the burner, the drain valve I9 is closed and the metering valve 20 is opened to allow oil to flow into the head through the pipe 2 until it fills the head suiflcient to overflow through the neck 6 into the lower portion of the burner head and through the apertures 8 into the generator pan l5. When sufficient oil has accumulated in the generator pan, the valve 20 is closed and the oil may be lighted and as this oil burns it will heat the burner head by the flames passing up through the opening I4 and about the burner head. When the burner head bec'omeshot enough to generate, the drain valve I9 is opened and the metering supply valve 20 is opened to allow oil to flow through the pipe 2 into the hot burner head. The generated gases will pass outwardly through the openings 8 into the air flowing upwardly through the opening I4 in the plate 13 about the apertures 8. This air blow picks up the vaporized gases from these openings 8 similar to a Venturi tube action. The burning gases maintain the head I in a heated condition and the oil passing through the pipe 2 will form a fairly thin layer of oil about the flange 5 in the burner head I.

Due to the fact that the head is hot, the oil is vaporized without overflowing the flange 5 and the gas is generated in this head by vaporization of the oil and passes down through the neck 6 through the portion I of the burner and outwardly through the outlets 8 to mix with the air passing through the opening I4. is generated in the head without the presence of air and is caused to flow downwardly to the outlets 8 and a partial vacuum is produced about these outlets by the air flowing through the apertures I1 and I4 as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2. By means of the control valve 20 on the oil supply, the oil supply may be controlled to produce a smaller or larger flame as desired and by meansof the furnace drafts (not here Thus, the gas shown) the velocity of air through the opening 14 may be regulated.

After long continued operation,'a carbon deposit tends to accumulate in the bottom of the head I about the flange 5. By making the cap 3 removable as shown, this cap may be removed to allow the deposit to be scraped out of the bottom of the head.

In normaloperation of the burner, the drain valve i9 is left open so that should the flame go out for any reason, the oil flowing through the burner head will drip into the drain pan I5 and pass through the drain pipe I8 to a drain or may be connected with an overflow'shut oiT for the main oil supply. The burner will operate effectively when set up as shown in Fig. 2 without being installed in a furnace but as the oil burner is designed for furnace installation, I have described it as installed in this manner.

From the foregoing description it becomes evident that the device is very simple and efficient in operation, will not easily get out of order, will generate gas from oil and discharge below the vaporizing head and provides a device which accomplishes the objects described.

Having thus fully described my invention, its utility and mode of operation, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is- 1. In an oil burner, a burner head having a circular vaporizing chamber at the top, a depending portion extending downwardly from the bottom of the vaporizing chamber, said depending portion being hollow and having an opening in, communication with the vaporizing chamber, said depending portion being larger at the bottom than at the connection with the vaporizing chamber, a removable clean-out cap forming the top wall of the vaporizing chamber, the enlarged lower end of the depending portion being provided with a series of horizontal apertures opening radially through the wall of the depending portion, an oil inlet pipe opening into the side of the vaporizing chamber, a flat, horizontally posir tioned plate having an aperture in which the bottom end of said depending portion is positioned in peripherally spaced relation and having its apertures at about the upper surface of the plate and a generator pan below the plate aperture having openings in its sidewalls at its junction with the plate, the said arrangement of plate and generator pan providing for flow of air through the pan apertures and through the plate aperture to mix with the oil vapor discharging from said openings in the said depending portion.

2. In an oil burner, a burner head having a I vaporizing chamber at the top, a depending portion extending downwardly from the bottom of the vaporizing chamber, said depending portion being hollow and'having an opening in communication with the vaporizing chamber, the

erally spaced relation and having its apertures at about the upper surface of the plate and a generator pan below the plate aperture having openings in its side walls at its junction with the plate, the said arrangement of plate and generator pan providing for flow of air through the pan apertures and through the plate aperture to mix with the oil vapor discharging from said openings in the said depending portion.

3. An oil burner comprising a burner head having a vaporizing chamber at the top, a depending portion extending downwardly from the vaporizing chamber, said depending portion being hollow and having an opening in communication with the vaporizing chamber, the metal of the vaporizing chamber being formed to provide a raised flange about the opening to the depending portion, the lower end of the dependwall of said depending portion, a plate having a large central aperture in which the bottom of said depending portion is positioned in peripherally spaced relationand with the apertures in said depending portion just above the upper surface of the plate and providing an air space between the plate and said depending portion through which air flows across the said apertures, and an oil inlet opening into the side of the vapori'zing chamber.

4. An oil burner comprising a burner head having a vaporizing chamber at the top, a depending portion leading downwardly from the vaporizing chamber, said depending portion being hollow and being provided with apertures at the bottom opening horizontally through the wall of said dependingportion, an oil inlet for the vaporizing chamber, and a plate positioned about the lower end of the depending portion and having a central aperture into which the lower end of said depending portion is positioned in peripherally spaced relation and providing a space about the depending portion, said plate extending in a plane just below the apertures in the depending portion, said arrangement of the plate and lower end of said depending portion providing a means for air to flow from beneath the plate across said apertures to provide a combustible mixture with the vapor issuing from said apertures.

5. An oil burner comprising a burner head having a vaporizing chamber at the top, an oil inlet for said vaporizing chamber, the head being provided with a hollow depending portion having a series of outlets at the bottom and a plate positioned about the lower end of the depending portion and having an opening providing a space about said outlets whereby air for supporting combustion may pass through said opening and across said outlets, a flat, horizontally positioned plate having an aperture in which the bottom end of said depending portion is positioned in peripherally spaced relation and having its apertures at about the upper surface of the plate and a generator pan below the plate aperture having openings in its side walls at its junction with the plate, the said arrangement of plate and generator pan providing for flow of air through the pan apertures and through the plate aperture to mix with the oil vapor discharging from said openings in the said depending portion.

DONALD E. WILSON.

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